What are Autonomous Vehicles? Autonomous Vehicles are self-driving cars designed to sense its environment without human involvement. How do these Self-Driving Cars work?
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Autonomous cars rely on "sensors", "actuators", "complex algorithms", and "machine learning systems" to perform the software. There are four mechanisms: Radar sensors, Video cameras, Lidar, and Ultrasonic sensors.
Radar sensors detect the components of a radar and can detect the return energy from other moving vehicles. Video cameras recognize surroundings more quickly as the cameras detect "traffic lights", "read road signs", "track other vehicles", and "look for pedestrians". The Lidar uses near infrared light to detect objects around the vehicle, used to measure distances, detect road rages, and identify lane markings. Ultrasonic sensors enable comfortable parking, maneuver in narrow situations, and do automatic/remote parking.
The Benefits of An Autonomous Vehicle
Autonomous Vehicles can lower carbon dioxide emissions. A recent study done by the University California of Davis suggests that autonomous vehicles could reduce greenhouse gas emissions by "80%" in 2050. This can only happen if the majority were to have electric vehicles or share vehicles.
Free up parking lots for other uses. Autonomous cars can improve parking in congested cities as the cars can simply drop off passengers and move on. The parking can be used in schools, parks, community centers, etc.
Reduce traffic congestion. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, statics convey that "94%" of serious crashes are down to human error. Speeding, drinking-driving, phone use, and errors of judgment all contribute to this issue. Moreover, autonomous cars will make roads safer for drivers, passengers, cyclists, and pedestrians.
Consumer savings. A single self-driving car can replace up to twelve regular vehicles and can reduce the number of vehicles a family needs.
Reduce vehicular deaths. Autonomous cars have a 360-degree view of their surrounding at all times. Therefore, this means that self-driving cars can save many lives as it can eliminate those accidents due to human error.
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The Future of Autonomous Cars
Will self-driving cars take over?
In 2015, Elon Musk, an entrepreneur, a business magnate, and the CEO of Tesla Motors says that self-driving cars could drive anywhere within two or three years. As of now, other experts are not sure whether individuals will be able to purchase cars that drive on their own. It may take years or decades to create a fully self-driving automobile. However, self-driving vehicles like "Tesla" are used today, but they're not fully autonomous. By the end of 2021, Telsa intends to aim for Level 5 for cars to become fully autonomous even though there is a hindrance about how Tesla is unlikely to achieve Level 5.
References:
Insider, Business, et al. “How Will Self Driving Cars Save Money?: Intellias Blog.” Intellias, 9 Aug. 2020, www.intellias.com/self-driving-car-save-money/#:~:text=Ridesharing%20services%20will%20also%20use,more%20independent%20than%20traditional%20vehicles.
Marr, Bernard. “5 Ways Self-Driving Cars Could Make Our World (and Our Lives) Better.” Forbes, Forbes Magazine, 17 July 2020, www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2020/07/17/5-ways-self-driving-cars-could-make-our-world-and-our-lives-better/?sh=a41d92942a33.
Rajput, Rana, et al. “How Self-Driving Cars Can Shape Our Future?” ReadWrite, 21 Jan. 2020, readwrite.com/2020/01/21/how-self-driving-cars-can-shape-our-future/.
“What Is an Autonomous Car? – How Self-Driving Cars Work.” Synopsys, www.synopsys.com/automotive/what-is-autonomous-car.html
Written by: Mehr Chandok
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